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The Ektra's Ektar lenses,
like most other lenses of this period were heavily influenced by the Tessar
design and were created from designs and with manufacturing technology Kodak
had developed in the 30s. While the formulae used were not novel, their
implementation in the Ektar line was generally excellent for the period.
The f/3.5 50mm is a reversed
Tessar type with four elements in three groups, with the last elements
reversed in power from the original Tessar design. The f/3.5 90mm
is a triplet and the f/3.8 135mm is a straightforward Tele-Tessar
design. The longest manufacturered
lens in the series, the f/4.5 153mm, has a double negative cemented
pair behind the stop. The f/3.5 35mm is a Heliar design of five
elements in three groups, very similar to the f/3.5 100mm Ektar
used on the Medalist, both designed by Fred
Altman. Apparently Kodak had planned a super tele of about 250mm,
since the variable viewfinder has a setting for 254mm. Neither the glossy
Ektra prospectus, published on the camera's release in 1941, nor the "Kodak
Lenses" section of the Kodak Reference Manual, published originally
in 1942, have any mention of this long lens, though I have heard unsubstantiated
claims that there was at least one prototype. The f/1.9 50mm is
a variation of the Biotar design, originally used in the f/2.0
45mm Ektar mounted on the Bantam Special. Of these lenses, the f/3.5
50mm andf/3.5 35mm are reputed to be the sharpest, with the f/1.9
50mm said to have the poorest performance. All Ektra lenses attach to
the body with a screw mount that locks when snug. Two key ways on the
mount make lens orientation a no-brainer with the body in any position.
While Kodak had begun treating air-glass
surfaces in the late 30s, I can only find documented evidence of their
Lumenized coating of magnesium floride in lens manufacturer of the late
40s. The lens section of the Kodak reference manual, printed in 1945 (second
edition?) does not include Lumenized lenses, while the separate Kodak
Data Book, Kodak Lenses, Shutters and Portra Lenses, 3rd Edition (1948)
describes the process, but no longer includes the Ektra lenses. In his
1951 book, Lenses in Photography, Rudolf Kingslake, Director of
Optical Design for Kodak, reports that calcium flouride, as an optical
coating, was first offered for commercial use in 1938, but its softness
relegated it to inner surfaces. The magnesium flouride that could be deposited
on glass and which was as hard as the glass itself, was adopted in the
40s. Whether later Ektra Ektars ever had this coating is for me an open
question. More general information on Ektar
lenses.
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